Diabetes is a medical condition, caused by lack of insulin. It may cause due to lack of chemical process that food, etc into energy and materials for growth and of its hormonic balance. It may be chronic, likely to worsen as time passes by.

Diabetes can also be termed as nutritional disorder or the body’s inability to make proper use of the food due to insufficient production of insulin or its chemical process.

There are specially two diabetic forms: Diabetes Insipidus and Diabetes Mellitus.

Diabetes Insipidus may occur due to deficiency of certain hormones secreted by the posterior part of the pituitary gland. It may happen due to excess loss of fluid by the body. Diabetes Insipidus can be treated by replacement of the deficient hormones.

Diabetes Mellitus is the most commonly called ‘diabetes’ which refers to as ‘too much sugar’ or excessive sugar’. It is characterized by abnormal excessive level of blood glucose or sugar and by the passing of excess glucose in the urine.

The word diabetes mellitus has been derived from the two Greek words ‘passing through’ and ‘sweet as honey’. The word diabetes mellitus was first used by the English physician Thomas Willis in the year 1675 to describe this condition of the chronic degenerative disease.

Diabetes mellitus has been described in the medical texts of Egypt, Rome, Greece, India and China in different ways. The Egyptians associated diabetes with polyuria while the Romans described it as ‘melting down of the flesh and limbs into urine’. On the other hand, the Greeks mentioned it as manifestation of persistent polyuria or excessive urination. The Ayurvedic physicians of ancient India termed it ‘madhumeha’ means ‘rain of honey’. Diabetes mellitus has been well-known by mankind 3,500 years ago and however the Egyptians were the first to record it.

Diabetes mellitus has been a cause to major deaths in most of the countries including India,India has been ranked third for most the deaths by diabetes. In U.S. approximately 1, 80,000 people die every year suffering from diabetes.

In this aspect, Indians are also not safe from the clutches of this degenerative disease. It has been said there were 19 million diabetic patients in 1995 and this number shall be multiplying faster to 57 million by the year 2025. Then, every fifth diabetic patient in the world would be an Indian, in India another form of diabetes can also be found caused due to malnutrition of food specially known as malnutrition – related diabetes.

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Research says that among 25 million diabetics, 90 percent are above 40 years of age. It also says that vegetarians suffer less than non-vegetarians. However, diabetes is not only a common disease in the urban areas; the rural areas are also not free from the clutches of diabetes.

In certain cases, persons fond of sweets, the sugar level seems to be higher in the urine. But, this however may not be termed as diabetes. The excess sugar in our body may pass out through urine and as such the sugar level appears to be normal within a very short period of time. Therefore excessive sugar level in the blood and excretion of excessive sugar in the urine may not be termed as diabetes mellitus.

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